Tunnel Waterproofing and Geosynthetics: How Drainage and Lining Systems Work
Underground structures present some of the most demanding waterproofing and water management challenges in civil engineering. Tunnels constructed through rock or soil inevitably encounter groundwater — from minor seepage through rock joints to significant inflows through permeable strata or faulted zones. Uncontrolled water ingress causes concrete lining deterioration, corrosion of steel reinforcement, operational disruption, and in extreme cases, structural failure. Geosynthetic materials — particularly HDPE ...
